GRAMMAR

GRAMMAR
Grammar begins whit the sentence.
1. THE SENTENCE [ The sentence means ‘what one thinks’ . ]
A sentence is a word or a group of words giving a clear and complete meaning.
[ FUNCTIONS]
USES - A sentence makes a complete sense. It is used to tell, Ask, command or exclaim something.
EXAMPLES – I am in class IX now. We are Indian. Are you ready yet? What is this? Open the window. Take your seat. How fine it is ! What a surprise ! Thanks : No mention, please.
(Modern grammars find verbless sentences acceptable. – Thanks. Good morning. Why not? So what? All right. This way, please.)

2. SENTENCES : DINDS
A) STATEMENTS B) QUESTIONS C) COMMANDS D) DESIRES E) EXCLAMATIONS

3. STATEMENTS
Most English sentences are in this form. Statements (or the assertive) are used :
USES – to state facts, describe things, report events, give an opinion or information.
EXAMPLES – We are students. I walk to school. The sun gives us light and life. My sister goes to a girls’ school.
In a statement the subject stands at the beginning and the verb comes thereafter.
[SENTENCE ]
A) SUBJECT B) VERB C) OBJECT
She read grammar.

4. QUESTIONS
Questions (or the interrogative) are used to ask for information. They are of two types :
WH-QUESTIONS – start with wh-words : what, when, where, which, who, whom, whose, why, how.
What is your name ?
When will he come ?
Why are you so late ?
OPEN QUESTIONS – having several answers
YES/NO-QUESTIONS – start with an OPERATOR[9]. The question can be answered by saying ‘yes’ or ‘no’ or by nodding
Are you all right ?
Do you like coffee ?
Can she drive a car ?
CLOSED QUESTIONS – having one answer.
In a question the verb stands before the subject and the sentence ends with the question mark[?]





5. COMMANDS
Commands (or the imperative) are used to get someone to do something.
USES – 1) to give order 2) to make request 3) to give advice
EXAMPLES – Come in. Get out. Please help me. Look before you leap.
Commands are always addressed to ‘YOU’ (understood). The sentence starts with the verb in the first form.

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